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ABG Made Easy

Reading an ABG analysis report may be as cumbersome as drawing blood for ABG analysis. We ll help u diagnose the derangement in ABG in a simplistic way without having to depend on the ICU doctor or Consultant. Let's Get Started..! The diagnosis is primarily divided into 3 parts. Acidosis/Alkalosis Metabolic/Respiratory Compensatory Changes First is the pH           <7.35-Acidosis           >7.35-Alkalosis Next is CO2 and HCO3 Quick Fact: CO2 is the Respiratory Component HCO3 is the Metabolic Component PaCO2: Normal Value :35-45 mmHg/ 4.7-6kPa Remember this Golden Rule CO2 is an acidic gas. Its conc is increased in acidosis and decreased in alkalosis. If the above statement is satisfied, then it is Respiratory without any compensation. For example if pH is 7.2- acidosis, so CO2 should be raised, if it is raised, then it is Respiratory Acidosis. If pH is 7.5-alkalosis, CO2 should be low, if it is low, then it is Respiratory alkalosis. HCO3: Normal value:22-28mmol/L Here the Gol
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Check Me for Venom

    One fine night at around 11.30PM, When I jus entered Stage 3 NREM sleep,My calling bell went off. With palpitations resulting from sudden arousal from my deep sleep, I went to attend the door, scratching my head, mumbling to myself 'Who wants what now?' As I opened the door,I found a 50 year old man grinning at me with bright eyes..! It was my neighbourhood shopkeeper whom I met the previous day, and he came to know that I am a doctor. "Hello..How are you?What happened?"    'Greetings Sir..I was walking on my way home,and I accidentally stepped on a snake' "OMG..What happened?Did it bite you?"    'No Sir..I only stepped on it..It ran away' "Let me see ur legs" I checked for bite marks but cud'nt find any. I reassured him, and told him to go to the hospital immediately if he has any symptoms like difficulty in breathing,double vision etc He nodded patieny and stretched his hand towards me. I thought, May be he is offering me
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ECG Made Easy(Part-2)

P wave: P wave denotes atrial contraction. Look for P wave in lead II.  Normal P wave measures 2.5mm tall and 3mm wide. Absent P wave with an irregularly irregular rhythm may indicate Atrial Fibrillation. Tall peaked P wave is called P pulmonale and indicates Right Atrial Enlargement. Broad Biflid P wave is called P mitrale and indicates Left Atrial enlargement. Inverted P wave indicates Atrial ectopic If PR interval is less than 3 small boxes, the origin of ectopic is AV node If PR interval is more than 3 small boxes,the origin is elsewhere from the atrium. PR Interval: It is measured between beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS complex. It represents spread of impulse from SA node to the ventricular tissues. It measures about 3-5 small boxes. The significance of PR interval is diagnosis of heart blocks. Heart Blocks: 1st Degree Heart block: Prolonged PR interval more than 5 small boxes indicate 1st degree Heart block. 2nd Degree Heart block:(Mobitz Type 1): This is characterised b
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